Paulina Markowska

2020 United States presidential election – forecasts, campaign, controversies

On November 3, 2020, another presidential election will be held in the United States. The Americans will choose the next President of the United States for the upcoming four years. The candidates include: from the Republican Party, the incumbent...

The Hidden Cost of Cheap Smartphones

The first smartphone was created over a quarter of a century ago, in 1993 IBM launched a device called Simon. It was a cell phone with a touch screen and a personal digital assistant (PDA) function, which between 1993 and 1995 was owned by more...

EU and NATO in the midst of challenges – the role of strategy in a disrupted international environment

Unpredictable developments in Belarus, coronavirus outbreak and changing regional realities – with all the disturbances around, it seems we have definitely entered an Extremistan, this country full of improbabilities imagined by Nassim Taleb....

USA sanctions Chinese companies involved in building artificial islands on South China Sea

On the 26th of August, Washington sanctioned dozens of Chinese individuals and defence firms over their contribution to China’s controversial island-building campaign in the disputed South China Sea and coercion against Southeast Asian claimant...

The Rusty Privacy Shield

On July 16, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) invalidated the European Commission's (EC) decision on the adequacy of protection provided...

Cyber-attacks on the healthcare sector

More than 19,000 terminated visits in medical facilities, cancelled scheduled treatments and patients being hastily transported to other hospitals in order...

Will America Punish Germany?

Claiming that Berlin is not paying enough towards NATO, on 15th June 2020 President Donald Trump declared a reduction in the number of U.S. troops stationed...

Planning your trip to Poland? Check Prolog Testimonial

Greetings. My name is Michael Lo Piano and at the time of this writing I am currently finishing up the fifth year of my PhD at Yale University and my year...

The International Monetary Fund in Bosnia and Herzegovina – new support highlights widespread divisions

Extreme situations caused by the spread of COVID-19 disease have brought to light the deep-seated structural problems of many nations, highlighted political...

Will the Russians reduce natural gas prices for their allies?

Russia’s allied countries – Belarus, Armenia and recently also Kyrgyzstan – are demanding that Moscow reduces natural gas prices. Such demands have been...

Will the dollar remain an instrument of US international dominance?

The US dollar (USD) – one of the world's most powerful currencies. Present in international trade even where the United States is not a party, used to...

Russian drilling in the Antarctic

While Russia's activity in the Arctic is relatively widely commented on, much less known are the recent actions taken by the Russians at the opposite pole...

Digital Heart of the Three Seas

Much like to the rest of the world, Poland is painfully suffering from the crisis triggered by the Wuhan coronavirus pandemic. Thanks to relatively early...